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Group Captain Eustace Osborne Grenfell MC, DFC, AFC (born 26 August 1890, date of death unknown) was an early flying ace of World War I. He was credited with eight victories. He went on to make a career of the Royal Air Force. He was instrumental in developing the integrated radar/ground control system that won the Battle of Britain. ==World War I service== On 2 June 1913, Eustace Osborne Grenfell was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry〔http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/28753/pages/6330 Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 On 9 November 1914, he was granted Aviator's Certificate No. 966 after qualifying on a Maurice Farman Biplane at the Central Flying School at Upavon.〔http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/wiki/Aviators_Certificates_-_UK_1914 Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 On 22 December 1914, he was appointed a Flying Officer〔(London Gazette, 12 January 1915) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29038/pages/382 Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 On 17 August 1915, he was officially seconded to the Royal Flying Corps in the rank of Lieutenant. On 5 September 1915, he was a Lieutenant serving as a Temporary Captain and appointed a flight commander.〔(London Gazette, 28 September 1915) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29310/pages/9552 Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕〔http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1915/1915%20-%200735.html (Flight: The Aircraft Engineer and Airship: First Aero Weekly in the World, 1 October 1915) Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 Grenfell scored his first aerial victory on 13 September 1915, flying a Morane-Saulnier and driving down an Albatros reconnaissance plane.〔http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/england/grenfell.php Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 He used the Morane-Saulnier L, which was the world's first airplane built with a gun firing forward through the propeller.〔http://www.theaerodrome.com/aircraft/france/morane_l.php Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 Grenfell used this same crude early fighter to shoot down a second Albatros recce plane on 7 December 1915.〔 By January 1916, Grenfell had upgraded to a Morane "Bullet", which he used in a quadruple victory on the 17th. On that day, in a forty minute dogfight over the Houthoulst Forest, he drove down a Fokker Eindekker, forced another to land, put another one out of control, and drove down an Albatros two-seater.〔 On 1 April 1916, he was appointed a Flight Commander at the Central Flying School back in England.〔(London Gazette, 21 June 1916) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29641/pages/6343 Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 On 12 July 1916, he was succeeded as an instructor by J. P. C. Cooper.〔(Flight: The Aircraft Engineer and Airship: First Aero Weekly in the World, 1 October 1915) http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1916/1916%20-%200670.html Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 Grenfell returned to battle when he was assigned to 60 Squadron, which was commanded by Alan Scott, and where he served with Albert Ball. Now using a newer fighter, a Nieuport, he drove an Albatros D.I fighter down out of control on 20 October 1916.〔 However, it was his last victory, on 28 December, that was the most memorable. Aided by Keith Caldwell, Henry Meintjes, and three other pilots, he forced an Albatros C.II to land in a field. Because the German plane was a new type, the victors were anxious to capture it whole for its intelligence value. They landed surrounding it, four of them crashing their Nieuports in the process. Grenfell was one of them, and the only casualty, with a broken leg. The unwounded German observer managed to set the Albatros afire; it exploded, injuring the observer and several British infantrymen. On 19 November 1917, Grenfell, who was a Lieutenant brevetted as a Temporary Major, reverted from Squadron Leader back to Flight Commander and Temporary Captain with seniority set back 5 September 1915.〔(London Gazette, 16 November 1917) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30388/supplements/11931 Retrieved 28 February 2010. Retrieved 28 February 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eustace Grenfell」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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